Whether artificial intelligence (AI) will take away jobs has been a topic of ongoing concern. The Australian federal government has released its first research report examining the impact of AI on the labour market, finding that AI has not yet caused large-scale disruption to Australia’s workforce. However, some occupations that are more vulnerable to AI have shown signs of slower employment growth.
The report, released by the Department of Employment and Workplace Relations, analysed employment data since the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022. It found that the overall labour market remains resilient, with unemployment staying at a low level.
However, in occupations more susceptible to AI replacement, such as telemarketers, administrative workers and data entry clerks, employment growth was only 5.6%, lower than the 9.5% growth recorded in occupations less affected by AI. The study estimated that by February this year, employment in these roles was around 2% lower than previous trends, but stressed that there is currently no evidence proving this was entirely caused by AI.
The report also found that some industries widely expected to be heavily affected by AI have performed differently from predictions. For example, software developer positions in Australia have increased by 25% since the launch of ChatGPT, while employment growth among young people aged 20 to 24 was slightly higher than those aged over 25. This suggests that AI has not yet triggered large-scale job restructuring.
Australian Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations Amanda Rishworth said AI may transform the labour market in the future, but the workforce remains strong at present. The government will continue monitoring AI’s impact on employment and support workers in adapting to changes through regulation and skills training.
Commentary:
Although AI has not yet triggered a wave of large-scale unemployment, this does not mean Australia can afford to be complacent. The federal government’s latest report reflects only the first stage of the AI revolution. Currently, many businesses are still experimenting with and adopting generative AI, while the full transformation of work processes and business models may still take several years.
It is worth noting that AI’s impact on repetitive tasks is gradually emerging. Human work may face a new division of roles, with workers increasingly shifting from being “executors” to becoming “decision-makers” and “supervisors”.
Therefore, the government should not focus solely on whether AI will lead to job cuts, but should consider how to help workers develop new skills, allowing more people to collaborate with AI rather than be replaced by it. At the same time, the education system must adapt early by developing students’ creativity, critical thinking and cross-disciplinary abilities, as these are the strengths that AI finds most difficult to replace.